Forsakened, on 15 November 2011 - 09:52 PM, said:
Light would always be wanting to expand out of its super focused beam which would effectively take a massive laser weapon, and turn it into a laser pointer incapable of penetrating a sheet of paper if the input energy was not enough and given enough distance.
I assume you're talking about diffraction/refraction of the beam. Really beam divergence is caused by 2factors:
- refractive index changes in medium due to local hotsopts
- precision of emitter construction
Forsakened, on 15 November 2011 - 09:52 PM, said:
This does not even take into consideration facts like water molecules in the air that could change the focus also decreasing its effective range.
Refractive index: Anyone ho's been outside on a really hot day will have seen the wavy look of distant object seen over hot areas. This is because as heat is exchanged into the atmosphere the molecules become excited and rise, leading to pillar-like streams of less dense hot air going up and cold air going down to replace it. the density of the gas alters it's refractive index in a gradient pattern causing the light to take a less than straight path as it collides with atoms of differing energy states (that are capable of absorption).
This factor can be mitigated in several ways, such as using a wavelength that does not interact with the medium.
Forsakened, on 15 November 2011 - 09:52 PM, said:
An example of this would be a flash light when turned on you have the main area the light shines but as you get further away from the item you are shinning the light on it becomes dimmer, this is the same principle.
Emitter construction: there are a range of methods available to create a coherent photon beam. Common practices include a 99/100% reflective mirrored chamber. the coherence of the beam produced is reliant on the precision to which the mirrors are aligned parallel to one another and the precision of their surfaces. It's somewhat unlikely that IS LASER tech is reliant on this method due to the inherent problems associated with a gas-tube(EG HeNe) or solid core(eg rubidium). The flashlight example given is somewhat accurate to these types.
A more likely method of LASE would be a
free-electron LASER system. The ability to "tune" the wavelength on-the-fly offers multiple advantages in a weapons platform, specifically the reduction/elimination of refraction through the transfer medium and maximum absorption of the target medium. The mech's heat-loads, charge times, and energy transfer effectiveness indicates to me they likely use a charged capacitance coil-based SASE system, with S/M/L designating the length of wiggler coils in the system. such a system would have a prodigious range before the more subtle methods of beam divergence (such as gravitational gradient) would become a factor.